Cruise Missile
P-800 Oniks / Yakhont (3M55)
The P-800 Oniks, exported as the Yakhont (3M55), is a supersonic ramjet anti-ship cruise missile made by NPO Mashinostroyeniya in Russia, in service since about 2002. It flies at Mach 2–2.5 with a range of up to about 300 km.
Russia|NPO MashinostroyeniyaWhat Is the P-800 Oniks? Overview, History and Development
NPO Mashinostroyeniya in Reutov began development in the 1980s, tests ran from 1998 and service entry came around 2002, though dates vary by source. The missile has a ramjet with a solid booster, cruises at Mach 2.0–2.5 and can fly a high-altitude or sea-skimming profile. It weighs about 3,000 kg, is about 8.9 m long and carries a 200–250 kg warhead. Export Yakhont range is reportedly limited to about 120–300 km because of MTCR rules.
Launch platforms include the Bastion-P coastal system, Admiral Gorshkov-class frigates, Project 22350 ships and Yasen-class submarines. The BrahMos, a smaller Mach 2.8 missile, is a Russian-Indian derivative. Operators are Russia, Syria and Vietnam. Russia has used it against ground targets in Syria and in Ukraine, including around Odesa, and has employed it as a Black Sea coastal denial weapon. Unofficial export estimates are about 2–3 million dollars per missile.
P-800 Oniks Specifications: Range, Speed, Warhead and Guidance
P-800 Oniks Variants and Versions Compared
The export name for the missile, sold with the Bastion-P coastal system and limited in range by MTCR rules.
A mobile truck-launched coastal defence system carrying the missile, in service with Russia, Syria and Vietnam.
The Russian naval version, launched from surface ships and submarines at a range of up to about 300 km.
Which Countries Use the P-800 Oniks? Operators and Users
Russia
Syria
VietnamP-800 Oniks FAQ: Price, Range, Operators and Most Asked Questions
How much does the P-800 Oniks cost?
The P-800 Oniks costs about 2 to 3 million US dollars per missile, based on unofficial export estimates. Russia does not publish prices, so the figure should be treated with caution.
How fast is the P-800 Oniks?
The P-800 Oniks flies at about Mach 2 to 2.5, making it a supersonic anti-ship missile. Its ramjet engine lets it keep that speed, and the terminal speed at low altitude is about Mach 2.
What is the range of the Oniks missile?
The P-800 Oniks has a range of up to about 300 km, depending on flight profile. The export Yakhont version is limited to about 120–300 km because of Missile Technology Control Regime restrictions.
Oniks vs BrahMos: which is better?
The P-800 Oniks and the BrahMos share a common origin, but BrahMos is smaller and faster at about Mach 2.8, while Oniks carries a heavier 200–250 kg warhead. Both are ramjet supersonic anti-ship missiles.
Which countries have the Oniks?
The P-800 Oniks is operated by Russia, and its export versions serve Syria and Vietnam, both with the Bastion-P coastal system. Reports of other buyers such as Egypt and Algeria are unconfirmed.
Is the Oniks used in Ukraine?
Russia has used the P-800 Oniks and the Bastion-P against ground targets in Ukraine, including strikes around Odesa, and in Syria. Ukraine has intercepted some, but independent data is partial.