MLRS
TOS-2 Tosochka
The TOS-2 Tosochka is a Russian heavy flamethrower and thermobaric rocket launcher made by Omsktransmash on a T-72 chassis, presented in 2019. It is the successor to the TOS-1A Solntsepyok and fires 220 mm rockets.
Russia|Omsktransmash / RostecOverview
The TOS-2 was designed by Omsktransmash in Omsk and shown in 2019 as the successor to the TOS-1A. It uses a T-72B3 hull, weighs about 43 tonnes and carries a crew of three. It fires 24 220 mm thermobaric and incendiary rockets, and its range of about 10 km (6 to 10 km depending on the rocket) is longer than the TOS-1A, which keeps the vehicle further from the front. A transport-loader vehicle handles automatic reloading, and the launcher can fire singly or in salvo.
The first deliveries to the Russian Armed Forces were reported in 2019 to 2020. Russia has used the system in Ukraine since 2022, with photographs of TOS-2 launchers on the front line in 2023 and 2024 (reported). Use of the TOS-2 in Syria has not been verified, although the TOS-1A was used in Syria, Iraq, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. Russia is the only confirmed operator, and export interest from Algeria, Iraq and Kazakhstan is reported but unconfirmed. Thermobaric weapons remain controversial internationally.
Key Specifications
Variants
The TOS-1A Solntsepyok is the earlier 220 mm thermobaric launcher on a T-72 chassis that preceded the TOS-2.
The TOS-2 is the newer version with 24 rockets, longer range and automated reloading, presented in 2019.
The TOS-2A designates a further updated version of the TOS-2 launcher.
Operators
RussiaFrequently Asked Questions
What is the TOS-2 Tosochka?
The TOS-2 Tosochka is a Russian heavy flamethrower system that fires 220 mm thermobaric and incendiary rockets from a T-72 chassis. It succeeds the TOS-1A Solntsepyok and was presented in 2019.
What is the range of the TOS-2?
The TOS-2 has a range of about 10 km, commonly cited as 6 to 10 km depending on the rocket type. That is longer than the TOS-1A, which keeps the vehicle further from the front.
TOS-2 vs TOS-1A: what is the difference?
The TOS-2 carries 24 rockets and has a longer range and automatic reloading, while the older TOS-1A has a shorter range. Both use 220 mm rockets on a T-72 based chassis.
How many rockets does the TOS-2 carry?
The TOS-2 carries 24 220 mm rockets. A transport-loader vehicle reloads the launcher automatically.
Is the TOS-2 used in Ukraine?
Yes, the TOS-2 has been used by Russia in Ukraine since 2022, according to reports. Photographs of TOS-2 launchers on the front line appeared in 2023 and 2024.
Which countries have the TOS-2?
Russia is the only confirmed operator of the TOS-2. Interest from Algeria, Iraq and Kazakhstan has been reported, but no export has been confirmed.
