Air Defense
2K22 Tunguska
The 2K22 Tunguska is a Soviet and Russian tracked gun-missile air-defence system made by KBP Tula, in service since 1982. Known to NATO as SA-19 Grison, it combines two 30 mm guns with eight 9M311 missiles.
Russia|KBP TulaWhat Is the 2K22 Tunguska? Overview, History and Development
The Tunguska was developed by KBP Tula, with a first prototype in 1980 and service from 1982. The 34 t tracked vehicle carries two 2A38M 30 mm guns with a combined rate of about 5,000 rds/min, effective to about 4 km. It also carries eight 9M311 missiles with radio-command guidance and a proximity fuze, with a range of 8 km, or 10 km on the 2K22M1. The 1RL144 search and tracking radar covers about 18 km, supported by an optical channel and digital fire control. The crew is 6 and the V-46-2 engine gives 780 hp.
The system was modernised as the 2K22M and 2K22M1 (Tunguska-M1) from the 1990s. Operators are Russia, Belarus, India, Morocco and Ukraine through Soviet inheritance, as commonly cited, and Morocco bought it in the 2000s. Russia has used it in Ukraine, mostly against drones and low-flying targets. The Pantsir is its newer replacement. Rivals include the German Gepard, Pantsir-S1 and the Chinese Type 95.
2K22 Tunguska Specifications: Range, Altitude, Missiles and Radar
2K22 Tunguska Variants and Versions Compared
2K22 is the original Soviet gun-missile system in service from 1982.
2K22M is the modernised version introduced from the 1990s.
2K22M1 is the Tunguska-M1 with the missile range extended to 10 km.
Which Countries Use the 2K22 Tunguska? Operators and Users
Russia
Belarus
India
Morocco
Ukraine2K22 Tunguska FAQ: Price, Range, Operators and Most Asked Questions
What is the range of the 2K22 Tunguska?
The 2K22 Tunguska engages air targets with missiles at 8 to 10 km, and with its 30 mm guns to about 4 km. Its search radar covers about 18 km.
What is the NATO name of the 2K22 Tunguska?
The 2K22 Tunguska is known to NATO as the SA-19 Grison. It is a tracked gun-missile air-defence system from KBP Tula.
Which countries use the 2K22 Tunguska?
The 2K22 Tunguska is used by Russia, Belarus, India, Morocco and Ukraine, as commonly cited. Morocco bought it in the 2000s.
Tunguska vs Gepard: which is better?
The 2K22 Tunguska combines two 30 mm guns with eight missiles, giving reach to 8 to 10 km, while the German Gepard uses two 35 mm guns only, effective to about 4 km. The Gepard has been praised against drones in Ukraine.
What weapons does the Tunguska have?
The 2K22 Tunguska has two 2A38M 30 mm guns firing about 5,000 rounds per minute combined and eight 9M311 radio-command missiles. It is crewed by 6.
Has the Tunguska been used in Ukraine?
Yes, Russia has used the 2K22 Tunguska in Ukraine, mostly against drones and low-flying targets. Ukraine also inherited some Soviet-era systems.